Tsuga canadensis
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Tsuga canadensis

eastern hemlock
white hemlock
western hemlock
Canadian hemlock

  family pinaceae 
  genus tsuga 

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Identification
Genus  Tsuga Species  canadensis Variety  Cultivar  Common names  eastern hemlock   white hemlock   western hemlock   Canadian hemlock Family  PINACEAE Specimen number  S13876 Data source  Allergy p261;DyePl p94;DyeFib p71;HtZn p177;MedPl p276;Frgnt p316
 
Life cycle
Life form  Terrestrial Life cycle  Woody perennial Life span    Annual cycle  Evergreen Stature  Tree Growth form  Not applicable Growth habit    Overall height  100' Overall spread   
 
Climate
Sunshine  Full sun to full shade Water  Moist, well drained Optimal soil texture  Various Acceptable soil pH  Soil pH 05-06 USDA hardiness  USDA zones 03a-08b AHS heat zones  Heat zones 07-03 Sunset climate zones  Not classified
 
Garden
Suitable for gardens  yes Nursery  Unknown Compost  no Size at acquisition  Unknown Garden location  Unknown Garden notes  The leaves and bark of Tsuga canadensis have a mildly pungent aroma. The bark of White hemlock (also known as western hemlock, Canadian hemlock or eastern hemlock) has been used in traditional fabric dyeing. Brown and brown are common colors produced with this plant. This species can survive very cold winters with annual averages as low as -40� Fahrenheit. It needs a bit of a cold spell with temperatures below 15� Fahrenheit to do its best. This plant does very well with hot summer days. Full sun to full shade is needed for this species to do its best. It prefers moist, well drained soils.
 
Special qualities
Tolerates drought  no Tolerates high humidity  no Tolerates seaside conditions  no Insect resistant  no Disease resistant  no Deer resistant  no Best uses    Symbiosis  Attracts butterflies  no Attracts hummingbirds  no Autumn foliage  no Colorful berries  no Desirable qualities    Other interest    Other interest color  Other interest period   
 
Adverse factors
Common pests  Poisonous parts  Poisonous indications  Internal poison  no Dermatologic poison  no Livestock poison  no Mechanical injury  no Hay fever pollen  Light Hay fever season  May 01 - Jun 30 Adverse qualities   
 
Herbal medicine
Medicinal properties  cystotonic   astringent   antiseptic Medicinal parts  Bark Has medicinal uses  yes Do not self-administer  no Do no use if pregnant  no Legally restricted  no Toxicity precautions  Medicinal notes  Tsuga canadensis is considered by some to be an herbal remedy. It's used as a cystotonic, an astringent or an antiseptic. Traditional medicinal remedies are made from the bark. This anemophilous species has only a light pollen count during hay fever season. May to June is the usual season for causing hay-fever problems.
 
Traditional uses
Parts used  Traditional uses  Contemporary uses  Fragrance  leaves have peculiar scent; volatile oil comes from bark Fragrance parts  Leaves   Bark Fragrance intensity  Mild Fragrance category  Pungent Dye parts  Bark Dye color  brown,warm brown
 
Cultivation
Propagule  Various Pollination method    Planting style    Crop spacing    Row spacing    Cold frame  Planting period    Harvesting period    Frost tolerance    Heat requirement    Fertilizer  Typical Time to harvest 
 
Nutrition
Is edible  no Culinary uses  Nutritional value  Edible parts  Description of edible parts Flavor / texture 
 
Horticulture
Horticulture notes  Tsuga canadensis is a wildflower that occurs throughout Northeast US and Canada. White hemlock (in some places called western hemlock, Canadian hemlock or eastern hemlock) most likely originates from New England (US) and Pacific Northwest US.
 
Herbarium
Tag needs printing  no Collection notes  Tsuga canadensis is a woody perennial. White hemlock (locally known in some parts as western hemlock, Canadian hemlock or eastern hemlock) is evergreen. Leaves: This plant has small needles.

Page 4754 of 4998

Last reviewed November 01, 2004   

 

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