Citrus aurantium
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Citrus aurantium

Seville orange
bitter orange

  family rutaceae 
  genus citrus 

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Identification
Genus  Citrus Species  aurantium Variety  Cultivar  Common names  Seville orange   bitter orange Family  RUTACEAE Specimen number  S11302 Data source  GrUnFr p253;HtZn p96;MedPl p188;Frgnt p206
 
Life cycle
Life form  Terrestrial Life cycle  Various Life span    Annual cycle  Evergreen Stature  Various Growth form  Not applicable Growth habit  Various Overall height  8' - 30' Overall spread   
 
Climate
Sunshine  Full sun Water  Moist, well drained Optimal soil texture  Rich Acceptable soil pH  Neutral USDA hardiness  USDA zones 08a-11 AHS heat zones  Heat zones 12-01 Sunset climate zones  Not classified
 
Garden
Suitable for gardens  yes Nursery  Unknown Compost  no Size at acquisition  Unknown Garden location  Unknown Garden notes  Citrus aurantium has flowers, leaves and fruit that is mildly fruity. Bitter orange (also known as Seville orange) can survive cold winter nights that go as low as 10� Fahrenheit. This plant needs summer days with high heat. The best soil for this species has a texture that is rich. Full sun is needed for this plant to do its best. It needs soil that is moist, well drained.
 
Special qualities
Tolerates drought  no Tolerates high humidity  no Tolerates seaside conditions  no Insect resistant  no Disease resistant  no Deer resistant  no Best uses    Symbiosis  Attracts butterflies  no Attracts hummingbirds  no Autumn foliage  no Colorful berries  no Desirable qualities    Other interest    Other interest color  Other interest period   
 
Adverse factors
Common pests  Poisonous parts  Poisonous indications  Internal poison  no Dermatologic poison  no Livestock poison  no Mechanical injury  no Hay fever pollen    Hay fever season    Adverse qualities   
 
Herbal medicine
Medicinal properties  contraceptive   bitter   carminative   antiscorbutic   sedative   digestive tonic   antispasmodic   sedative   cardiotonic Medicinal parts  Fruit   Peel   Leaves   Flowers   Seeds   Essential oil Has medicinal uses  yes Do not self-administer  yes Do no use if pregnant  no Legally restricted  no Toxicity precautions  Medicinal notes  The fruit is 2 to 3 inch diameter round, slightly flattened at one end, with an orange colored bitter rind. It has a very sour flesh. Among its many possible uses in the kitchen, Citrus aurantium is often used in marmalade, as a flavoring and as juice. Bitter orange (sometimes called Seville orange) has herbal applications as a contraceptive, as a bitter, as a carminative and as an antiscorbutic. See the medicinal properties section for even more traditional herbal uses. This plant should only be used under professional guidance. The fruit as well as the peel and the leaves and the flowers and the seeds and the essential oil are used in herbal preparations.
 
Traditional uses
Parts used  Traditional uses  Contemporary uses  Fragrance  fragrant flowers. flowers and leaves are deliciously sweet scented; fruit ha Fragrance parts  Flowers   Leaves   Fruit Fragrance intensity  Mild Fragrance category  Fruity Dye parts  Dye color 
 
Cultivation
Propagule  Buds   Cutting   Seed Pollination method  Parthenocarpic Planting style    Crop spacing    Row spacing    Cold frame  Planting period    Harvesting period  Dec 01 - Feb 28 Frost tolerance    Heat requirement    Fertilizer  Typical Time to harvest 
 
Nutrition
Is edible  yes Culinary uses  Marmalade   Flavoring   Juice Nutritional value  Edible parts  Fruit Description of edible parts 2 to 3 inch diameter round, slightly flattened at one end, with an orange colored bitter rind Flavor / texture  has a very sour flesh
 
Horticulture
Horticulture notes  Because Citrus aurantium is parthenocarpic, it needs no pollination in order to bear fruit. Harvest time is December and February. Bitter orange (in some places called Seville orange) can be propagated with buds or using a cutting or by seed. This plant is considered to have originated from India, Thailand and southern China.
 
Herbarium
Tag needs printing  no Collection notes  Citrus aurantium is evergreen. Flowers: Bitter orange (locally known in some parts as Seville orange) has tiny flowers. The flowers are typically of a white color.

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Last reviewed November 01, 2004   

 

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